Aquarium Filters Guides, Reviews & Setup

Buying guides, reviews, and setup instructions for freshwater filters and reef protein skimmers. Find the right filter for your tank size and setup.

Every aquarium needs biological, mechanical, and chemical filtration. The right filter depends on tank size, livestock, and whether you're running a freshwater or saltwater setup. A filter rated for your exact tank size will be undersized in practice — choose a filter rated for 1.5 to 2 times your tank volume for the best results.

The guides below cover every filter type from hang-on-back and canister filters for freshwater tanks to protein skimmers for reef aquariums. Each guide includes product reviews, setup instructions, and sizing recommendations.

Which Filter Type Do You Need?

Five main categories, each suited to different tank sizes and setups.

Sponge Filter

Gentle flow for tanks under 20 gallons. Air-driven, safe for fry and shrimp. Doubles as a grazing surface for biofilm. Cheapest to buy and run.

Internal Filter

Compact and submersible for nano tanks. Sits inside the tank, fully underwater. Good for hospital tanks and small setups where external space is limited.

HOB Filter

Most popular filter for tanks up to 55 gallons. Hangs on the tank rim, easy to access and maintain. Quick cleanings mean it actually gets done regularly.

Canister Filter

Most media capacity and customization for any tank size. Sits below the tank in the cabinet. Supports spray bars, inline CO2, and heaters. The go-to for planted tanks and tanks over 55 gallons.

Protein Skimmer

Essential for saltwater reef tanks. Uses foam fractionation to strip dissolved organics before they break down into nitrate. Not used in freshwater.

Know what you need? Jump to freshwater filter guides or protein skimmer guides below.